溪洛渡水电站拱坝基础综合变模分析

在拱梁分载法坝体应力分析时，需要合理确定坝基岩体的变形模量值，为此，在溪洛渡水电站双曲拱坝的坝基变形模量计算中采用平面有限元法计算地基的“综合变形模量”，从而反映实际地形地质条件对拱 坝基变形形的影响。     

基于随机骨料数学模型的混凝土弹性模量预测

按照混凝土试件的实际配比计算出各粒径区间的骨料体积含量,对骨料颗粒进行随机投放,生成随机骨料的数值模型。对不同形状骨料的随机骨料模型建立的体积表征单元(RVE)施加均匀位移边界条件,通过有限元方法计算该RVE中的应力和应变场,然后由细观力学数值均匀化方法预测RVE的有效弹性模量。数值计算结果和试验值的对比表明,基于随机骨料模型的混凝土弹性模量的预测是有效的,骨料含量为40%和60%时预测值与试验值相近;由多边形骨料模型得到的弹性模量略高于圆形骨料,骨料的空间分布对于预测结果的影响甚微。假定材料的细观单元力学性质服从Weibull分布时,预测的有效弹性模量结果偏低,且随均质度的减小而减小。     

土石坝工程领域的若干创新与发展

我国高土石坝数量居世界之首,保证高坝大库建设与长期运行安全是国家经济和公共安全保障的重大需求。系统总结了长江科学院近年来在土石坝工程领域的若干创新与发展。提出了基于“旁压模量当量密度法”的粗粒料级配相似理论试验方法;介绍了研发的系列CT三轴仪,实现了粗粒料组构要素的定量测量;提出了三轴试验中加载板与试样之间由滑动摩擦变为滚动摩擦、整体式接触变为分散式接触的减摩新方法,研发了相关减摩装置;研制了大尺寸、高压力、微摩擦、刚柔复合加载的土工真三轴仪;揭示了粗粒料真实三维应力条件下的强度与变形变化规律、湿化与蠕变变形特性;构建了粗粒料三参量非线性K-K-G剪胀模型、六参数湿化模型、九参数蠕变数学模型及相应的参数确定方法;基于当量密度法的原创思想,提出了利用旁压试验间接确定超百米级深厚覆盖层现场密度的试验方法。上述研究成果可为高土石坝工程建设提供重要科技支撑。     

高速公路工程水土流失预测与分析实践

为验证《生产建设项目土壤流失量测算导则》(简称《导则》)对高速公路工程的适用性,运用《导则》对西南地区某高速公路工程建设进行水土流失预测,并与类比法测算结果进行对比。测算结果表明,路基工程区、附属设施区和弃渣场区是该项目土壤流失最多的区域,大部分土壤流失发生在施工期;采用《导则》与类比法得到的土壤流失量测算结果差异主要表现在工程开挖面区域,其余土壤流失类型下的测算结果差异较小;《导则》在线型工程水土流失预测中的运用稍显繁杂,而对于点状工程具有更强的实用性。     

A CALPHAD-type Young's modulus database of Ti-rich Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system

Accurate Young's modulus is the necessity for the design of biomedical Ti alloys. A combinatorial method of the diffusion couple, nanoindentation, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) techniques has been utilized to construct the Young's modulus database of Ti alloys with various compositions in the present work. Two groups of body-centered cubic (bcc) Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo quaternary diffusion couples annealed at 1273 K for 25 h were experimentally prepared. Subsequently, the composition-dependent mechanical properties in the wide compositional range of Ti-based alloys were obtained by using EPMA and nanoindentation probes. Finally, on the basis of the measured Young's moduli in the present and previous work and the modeling parameters of Young's modulus of Ti–Nb–Zr system, the Young's modulus database of bcc Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system was established through the CALPHAD approach. The CALPHAD-type database of bcc Ti–Nb–Zr–Mo system can provide the accurate Young's moduli of Ti alloys with wide compositions.     

Estimation of elastic constant of rocks using an ANFIS approach

The engineering properties of the rocks have the most vital role in planning of rock excavation and construction for optimum utilization of earth resources with greater safety and least damage to surroundings. The design and construction of structure is influenced by physico-mechanical properties of rock mass. Young's modulus provides insight about the magnitude and characteristic of the rock mass deformation due to change in stress field. The determination of the Young's modulus in laboratory is very time consuming and costly. Therefore, basic rock properties like point load, density and water absorption have been used to predict the Young's modulus. Point load, density and water absorption can be easily determined in field as well as laboratory and are pertinent properties to characterize a rock mass. The artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy inference system (FIS) and neuro fuzzy are promising techniques which have proven to be very reliable in recent years. In, present study, neuro fuzzy system is applied to predict the rock Young's modulus to overcome the limitation of ANN and fuzzy logic. Total 85 dataset were used for training the network and 10 dataset for testing and validation of network rules. The network performance indices correlation coefficient, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and variance account for (VAF) are found to be 0.6643, 7.583, 6.799, and 91.95 respectively, which endow with high performance of predictive neuro-fuzzy system to make use for prediction of complex rock parameter.     

一种新的修正恒模算法

阐述了恒模算法(CMA)、修正恒模算法(MCMA)和判决引导(DD)算法的基本原理。针对CMA和MCMA收敛速度慢,固定步长条件下收敛速度和剩余误差之间存在矛盾的缺陷,在分析CMA误差特性的基础上,利用DD算法误差函数的模值和判决器输出构造新的误差函数,提出了一种新的变步长MCMA。新算法在加快收敛速度的同时保持小的剩余误差。仿真结果表明,新算法比CMA和MCMA收敛速度快,均衡输出剩余码间干扰(ISI)小而且能克服相位偏移,具有很好的实用性。     

基于空域信息的稳健的宽带波束形成算法

研究宽带信号优化问题,空域信息的宽带波束形成技术与传统的时域方法相比,结构物理实现简单。在实际系统中,广泛存在着阵元幅相差,造成基于空域信息的宽带波束形成性能的下降,甚至恶化,针对上述问题,提出了一种采用空域信息的稳健的宽带波束形成算法,可用信号的恒模特性,通过对波束形成器的输出做非线性变换,得到参考信号,然后求取合适的初始权值并通过迭代收敛至期望的权值。仿真结果验证了算法提高了宽带性能的有效性。     

Mechanical properties of nano SiO2 filled gypsum particleboard

Nano SiO2 was filled into gypsum particleboard. Effect of the amount of nano SiO2 particles filled, ultrasonic dissipating duration and treating the nano particles with different coupling agents on the mechanical properties of the board were studied respectively. The results show that nano SiO2 is helpful for the improvement of the properties. Adding 3%（mass fraction） nano SiO2 is the best for the improvement of both modulus of rupture（MOR） and modulus of elasticity（MOE） of the boards formed at 30 ℃ or 40 ℃. For the boards formed at 30 ℃, their MOR and MOE can be improved by 8.77% and 12.24%, and MOR and MOE of the boards formed at 40 ℃ can be improved by 44.44% and 108.38%.3% is also the best addition proportion to improve internal bond（IB） of the boards formed at 30 ℃, while 5% is the best for that of the boards formed at 40 ℃. At room temperature, dissipating nano Si02 into flake by ultrasonic has better effect on the properties of the final products. Through ultrasonic treating for 1 h and the best treating duration, the MOR and MOE can be increased by 41.99% and 47.80%. In addition, different coupling agents have different effects on the final properties too, and silane coupling agent KH570 is better for the improvement of properties of the boards formed at room temperature.